QuEra Roadmap Fault-Tolerant Quantum Computer by 2028 on AWS

Related Vendors

FAULHABER Drive Systems

SIMTOS (Seoul International Machine Tool Show)

QuEra Computing aims to bring a fault-tolerant quantum computer to market by 2028 with Libra. To this end, the company will significantly expand its existing partnership with Amazon Web Services.

Fault-tolerant quantum computers are being developed to perform longer, more comprehensive, and more reliable calculations than today’s error-prone quantum systems allow. This will enable companies, research institutions, and governments to develop workflows for molecular simulations, materials development, optimization, and many other use cases for which classical approaches are not scalable enough.

Libra, QuEra’s first fault-tolerant quantum computer and the first system to emerge from the expanded partnership between QuEra and AWS, is a MegaQuop-class quantum computing system. The system is designed to perform approximately one million reliable logical quantum operations. This is an important step, as practical applications in quantum computing depend not only on the number of logical qubits but also on how many logical computations can be performed before errors overwhelm the entire process. In the future, Libra is expected to be able to process queries with more than 256 corrected logical qubits and a logical error rate of 10^-6. Starting in 2028, AWS customers will have cloud access to fault-tolerant quantum computing.

The Libra architecture has already been reviewed multiple times by experts and validated in technical publications. It is based, among other things, on Aquila—a system with 256 physical qubits that has been available via Amazon Braket since 2022—as well as on Gemini, a neutral-atom system with support for logical qubits that is operated in conjunction with the ABCI-Q supercomputer in Japan.

“Fault-tolerant quantum computing is evolving from a scientific milestone into a roadmap for its practical development and deployment,” says Andy Ory, CEO of QuEra Computing. “We have worked on this roadmap very openly, repeatedly having our developments validated by other experts. Libra brings scalable fault-tolerant quantum computing to the cloud—as early as 2028. This is an immensely important step that will serve as the foundation for further developing the technology and enabling it to scale even further. Decision-makers should start addressing this topic today so they can develop the talent, use cases, and workflows they’ll need once the systems go live.”

Expanded Collaboration With AWS

QuEra and AWS are expanding their multi-year strategic partnership to provide AWS customers with access to QuEra’s fault-tolerant systems. Under the expanded agreement, Libra is expected to be available via Amazon Braket starting in 2028. Braket offers customers a unified environment in which they can develop and run quantum applications—embedded within their existing classical infrastructure and with native integration of HPC and AI/ML resources for hybrid quantum-classical workflows. The collaboration deepens a partnership that began in 2022, when Aquila became the first neutral-atom quantum computer to be available on Braket.

“We are convinced that fault-tolerant quantum computing will play a central role in how customers solve their most demanding computational tasks on AWS in the future,” said Eric Kessler, General Manager of Amazon Braket at AWS. “QuEra’s technology points to a clear path toward exactly this future. By making these capabilities available through Braket, our customers can combine QuEra’s fault-tolerant quantum processors with the scalable AWS HPC and AI services they already trust today.”

Built on Proven Technology

QuEra paved the way for the era of quantum error correction as early as 2023 and has been continuously advancing this field ever since to enable the development of commercially viable quantum applications. The QuEra team and the research laboratories at MIT and Harvard—the alma maters of QuEra’s founders—have published eight peer-reviewed articles to date in *Nature* and *Physical Review Letters* describing the capabilities underlying the system:

• Logical qubits as the building blocks of fault-tolerant quantum computers
• Error correction below the error threshold, where the error rate decreases as the system size increases
• Transversal logical operations for fast and resource-efficient gates between qubits
• Fast Decoding for Real-Time, Large-Scale Quantum Error Correction
• Sustained operation of thousands of qubits through continuous reloading of atoms
• Resource-efficient error-correcting codes that reduce the number of physical qubits required per logical qubit

Through 2028, QuEra will continue to refine its fault-tolerant quantum computers, ensuring that each system is more powerful than the last. This approach is intended to perfect the design and accelerate development. At the same time, strategic partners will gain direct access to already functioning fault-tolerant environments—even before the full release.

Preparing for the Era of Fault Tolerance

“I believe waiting until 2028 to develop a quantum strategy poses a major competitive risk,” says Yuval Boger, Chief Commercial Officer at QuEra. “The algorithms that utilize fault-tolerant systems on this scale may not yet exist. But the fact that Libra will be available in the cloud as early as 2028 with an error rate of 1 in 1 million should prompt companies to start preparing now—not just when Libra goes live on AWS. That’s the only way they can make full use of the technology from day one.”

“QuEra’s plan to develop fault-tolerant systems as early as 2028 marks an important turning point for the entire industry,” says Bob Sorensen, chief analyst for quantum computing at Hyperion Research. “The approach of announcing milestones step by step and having each development peer-reviewed by experts will give users the opportunity to familiarize themselves with the technology gradually before committing resources to it.”

MIT Professor Vladan Vuletić and Harvard Professor Markus Greiner both came from the research group of Theodor Hänsch, who would later win the Nobel Prize, at LMU Munich. More than 20 years later, they became co-founders of QuEra. Together, they are among the pioneers of neutral-atom technology, which is now considered one of the most promising approaches in quantum computing.