Programmers now need to pay attention to the AI Act

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If necessary, full transparency is demanded

The rules for such high-risk systems, which include not only the application software, but also credit scoring systems, software for medical areas, and programs managing access to educational institutions such as universities, are strict according to the AI law. Hermanns: "It must be ensured that the training data are such that the AI trained from them can actually perform its task properly." This should not lead, for example, to a group of applicants being discriminated against because they barely appear in the training data. In addition, according to Sterz, the system has to record exactly what happens at which point - similar to a black box in an airplane. Furthermore, the system's functioning must be documented - like in a classical user manual. And the provider, i.e., the supplier of the software, must provide the operator with all the information to properly supervise the system during its use. This way, he can recognize and correct any problems. Scientists have recently considered this so-called "Human Oversight" in another paper.

The AI Act will not slow down Europe

"The AI Act does significantly restrict some things. However, most applications will only be very slightly affected," summarizes Hermanns. For example, facial recognition for emotion interpretation is already forbidden and it will remain forbidden. Unproblematic AI systems, such as those in video games or spam filters, are hardly affected by the AI Act. And, Sterz clarifies, the mentioned high-risk systems only fall under the law's regulation when they enter the "wild", meaning when they hit the market or are put into operation. In research and development, whether public or private, there will continue to be no restrictions. Hermanns: "I see little risk of Europe being left behind in international development due to the AI law." On the contrary, he and his colleagues even pass a favorable verdict on the world's first law that provides a legal framework for artificial intelligence across an entire continent. Their final conclusion: The AI Act is an attempt to sensibly regulate AI – and the experts believe this has been well accomplished.

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Date: 08.12.2025

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EU law on artificial intelligence (AI) came into effect