3D-Printed And As Delicate As the Human Hand

Exoskeleton With Special Structure 3D-Printed And As Delicate As the Human Hand

2025-10-02 From Hendrik Härter | Translated by AI 2 min Reading Time

For delicate movements, exoskeletons for the hand are often too complex. The model developed at ETH Zurich without hydraulic or pneumatic drive is an exception. It is mechanically simple and weighs only 10 ounces.

The exoskeleton feels lightweight and can be mounted within seconds. It is powered by two motors on the forearm.(Image: Stefan Schneller, ETH Zurich) — The exoskeleton feels lightweight and can be mounted within seconds. It is powered by two motors on the forearm.
(Image: Stefan Schneller, ETH Zurich)

Researchers at ETH Zurich have developed an exoskeleton that helps stroke patients relearn how to grip. Thanks to its accordion-like structure, it is lightweight, robust, and suitable for everyday use.

Each year, over 12 million people worldwide suffer a stroke, often resulting in lasting impairments to hand function. A new approach by Dr. Natalie Tanczak and her team at the Rehabilitation Engineering Laboratory (RELab) of ETH Zurich offers hope: an exoskeleton that operates without hydraulic or pneumatic actuators and features a simple design. The prototype, currently pending patent approval, weighs only 10 ounces—comparable to a modern smartphone. The exoskeleton supports both the flexing and extending of the fingers to restore motor skills. Apart from a USB connection, it is cable-free, ensuring no obstructions to natural movement.

Two Motors Control the Hand Exoskeleton

The exoskeleton uses two motors on the forearm to provide the forces needed for gripping motions. One motor controls the thumb, while the second controls the other fingers. The structure, made of nylon via 3D printing, can be customized to maximize comfort and effectiveness. The development of electronics plays a pivotal role, as miniaturization and precision are crucial to meet the requirements on the patient side.

The developed technology significantly simplifies the recovery process after a stroke. The structure of the exoskeleton was inspired by the movement mechanics of an accordion. This clever implementation simplifies complex mechanical processes by its ability to convert linear into perpendicular movements, thereby supporting natural gripping force. This results in minimal component requirements: the system consists essentially of just two parts—a design sensation in rehabilitation technology.

Modular Approach for Further Applications

The modular approach offers potential for application to other joints, such as the knee or elbow. Initial tests with patients show significant progress in regaining hand function. "The positive effects on mobility and the associated quality of life are significant," Tanczak describes her motivation and the results so far. The customization options using 3D printing also enable personalization according to hand size and finger length, further optimizing wearing comfort. (heh)

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Date: 08.12.2025

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